THE MAJOR APPLICATION,USES OF LiDAR TECHNOLOGY 2020
The term ‘Remote Sensing’ means obtaining information of the object without touching the object itself,Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), is an active microwave remote sensing system that uses light in the form of a pulsed laser to measure ranges (variable distances) to the Earth.Lidar uses ultraviolet, visible, or near infrared light to image objects. It can target a wide range of materials, including non-metallic objects, rocks, rain, chemical compounds, aerosols, clouds and even single molecules.
Nowadays LIDAR systems allow scientists and mapping professionals,researchers to examine both natural and manmade environments with high accuracy, precision, and flexibility.LIDAR can also be used in any situation where the structure and shape of Earth's surface needs to be known, and can even measure some gases and particles in the atmosphere.Its versatility and high resolution give it applications in archaeology, climate monitoring, city planning, meteorology, mining, and much more.The common uses of Modern Lidar Systems are discussed below
1. Agriculture - LiDAR used to create 3D elevation map of a particular land.This can be converted to create slope and sunlight exposure area map.Via LiDAR technology, it is now much easier to categorise crops based on their characteristics and find the best places to plant them LiDAR is also used to control crop yield through precision agriculture.The technology can be used to create an elevation map, which farmers can use to predict crop yield, determine which crops to plant in a given area, and save on expensive fertilizer,the farmers also can save their cost of labor, time and money by using this systems.
2. Atmospheric Weather Condition- LiDAR can be used to study atmospheric gases, aerosols, and clouds. ‘elastic backscatter LiDAR’, was developed for the study of aerosols and clouds, ideal for looking at atmospheric composition. DIAL (Differential Absorption LiDAR) is used to identify particular forms of gas such as ozone, carbon dioxide or water vapour in the atmosphere, while Raman LiDAR has ability to measures concentration and Doppler LiDAR measures wind speed.Beside these Lidar can be used to monitor air quality over urban or industrial areas, as well as weather forecasting,cloud profiling, climate modelling and environmental monitoring
3. Geological Properties- By mapping, monitoring and managing natural hazards and resources with a high-resolution micro-topography of areas,Lidar systems allowing geologists to study earth topology and its origin through a process known as geomorphology.Zonation of soil properties are easily identified by Lidar data.The advent of new affordable aerial LiDAR and highest resolution DEM has made it even possible to obtain accurate regional landslide information at a higher frequency, improving safety and asset integrity.DEMs can also reveal micro-topography hidden by trees and shrubs.
4. Forestry - LiDAR is a revolutionary remote sensing technology for vegetation mapping because laser returns can be used to directly estimate the information on vertical canopy structure of vegetation, as well as the ground underneath.LiDAR technology has an important role to identifying the areas of the forest affected by humans. It allows researchers to measure the three-dimensional structure of tree canopies, including their height and the diversity of canopy elements like leaves, twigs and branches to gain better intelligence and improve monitoring techniques in Timber inspection,Afforestation. LiDAR data is easily integrated with modern geographic information systems (GIS) for further analysis.
5. Mining - LiDAR can be used in mining to calculate ore volumes, penetrating the Earth’s surface to gather data on what lies beneath the surface of the earth .For analysis of mine structure Scanning of the areas is most commonly done with UAVs.LiDAR mapping also provides an accurate 3D model of the terrain, minimising the project’s environmental impact.Such like an Robotic instruments LiDAR also has uses in quarrying to detect air pollutants.
6. Risk management - LiDAR is used to assess the vulnerability of various risks facing humankind.It is now much easier to track and plan for disasters such as tornadoes, landslides and tsunamis, limiting damage and loss of life. Scientists sometime uses LiDAR to support activities such as storm surge modeling, hydrodynamic modeling and shoreline mapping.LiDAR can be used to monitor dune activities, including changes in size, shape and vegetation. Coastal surveying companies increasingly make use of both 3D laser scanning and high precision GPS, combining the methodologies into a single unified approach. LiDAR technology can be used to model and forecast the severity of an upcoming tsunami,that’s help scientists to understand which areas will be affected.
7. Autonomus vehicles –Nowadays Lidar act as an eye of the self driving cars.Lidar uses laser pulses to build a 3D model of the environment around the car essentially,they help autonomous vehicles to see other objects,i.e cars, pedestrians, and cyclists.LiDAR sensors has a ability to determine the exact position of obstacles in the surrounding environment, generating data that will steer vehicles in the right direction to avoid making an impact.So Most notably, carmakers are leveraging lidar specimen as a key component in their race to develop safe, self-driving vehicles. Figure 17 Military Using 3D Lidar Drone.
8. Military Purposes – The military depends upon LiDAR technology to map out the exact terrain of the battlefield and know the exact position of the enemy and their capacity.By using Lidar the detailed mapping of urban and non-urban terrain can greatly benefit military operations, both from the air and semi-autonomous vehicles.Among other things, it can be used for air defence, air traffic control, ground surveillance, navigation, search and rescue, fire control radars, and identification of moving targets.
9. Tourism and park management - LiDAR pulses can be used to create virtual 3D and 2D representations of an area, which can be used to create virtual tours.So LiDAR data is many time use for tourism and park management , Lidar data analysis determines the best areas to use for various purpose,such as where to build playgrounds,rides and footpaths,which is suitable for visit at particular time
10. Transport planning - LiDAR’s high spatial resolution and mapping accuracy make it an ideal solution for planning of transport and road networks.Airborne and ground-based LiDAR may be used in combination to capture data over large areas with at a high resolution.LiDAR sensors are used to monitor and remove traffic congestion from roads and put advice on alternative routes to be used.It can also applied same in autonomous vehicles to utilise and allocate parking spaces in a parking lot.
0 Comments